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1 YRKJA
(yrki, orta, ortr), v.1) to work, esp. to fill, cultivate (y. jörðina, landit);2) to make verses (y. kvæði, drápu, lof, níð, háðung um e-n); absol., hann var kærr konungi ok orti vel, he was beloved by the king, and a good poet;3) y. á e-t, to set about; en er þeir fundust, ortu bœndr þegar á til bardaga, the peasants at once set upon them; Eiríkr jarl orti ekki á at berjast við Erling, Eirik made no attempt to fight Erling; y. á e-n, to work upon; hvárki eldr né járn orti á þá, neither fire nor iron did them any harm; y. orða á e-n, to address one, speak to one (hann svaraði stirt ok strítt, þá er menn ortu orða á hann);4) refl., yrkist í um e-t, it begins; (gerist nú svá sem dœmi finnast til, at á ortist um mannfallit); recipr. to attack one another (síðan fylktu þeir liði sínu ok ortust á ok börðust); þeir ortust á vísur, they competed in verse-making.* * *ð and t, pret. orti, part. yrt and ort; [A. S. wyrcan, wrohte; Engl. work, wrought; Goth. waurkjan; O. H. G. wurchian; the initial w being dropped, see orka]:—to work, but chiefly used in a special sense to till, cultivate; enn sá maðr er engit á, hann skal þat láta fyrst yrkja … en ef hann yrkir eigi svá engit, … ok vili hann þó yrt hafa, Grág. ii. 280; ok svá þeir er á mörkina ortu, Eg. 14; ok Drottinn Guð tók manninn og setti hann í þann aldin-garð Eden, að hann skyldi yrkja hann og varðveita, Gen. ii. 15; at hann geti ortar vel engjar fyrir þær sakir, Grág. ii. 335; yrkja jörðina eðr vinna, Stj. 29; yrkja holt né haga, N. G. L. i. 249; yrkja ræfrar ok börku til húsa-þaks, to work (i. e. to scrape) bark for thatching, 242.II. to make verses (cp. Gr. ποιητής; Old Engl. maker = poet); hvárki á maðr at yrkja um mann lof né löst… ef maðr yrkir tvau orð enn annarr önnur tvau, ok ráða þeir báðir samt um, ok varðar skóggang hvárum-tveggja, … yrkja níð eðr háðung um e-n, Grág. ii. 147–149; síðan orti Ölver mörg mansöngs-kvæði, Eg. 5; at þú vakir í nott ok yrkir lofkvæði um Eirík konung, … hann orti drápu tvítuga, … yrkja lof um e-n, þá orti Egill alla drápuna, ok hafði fest svá at hann mátti kveða um morguninn, 419; þessi vísa er góð ok vel ort, ok skaltú yrkja aðra vísu, … þessi vísa var ílla ort ok skal ek kveða aðra betri, Fms. vi. 362, 416; hann var kærr konungi ok orti vel, he was a good poet, and wrought well, Orkn. 146, Fms. vii. 111; konungr mælti, ertú skáldit?—Hann svarar, kann ek at yrkja, ii. 39; hann tók at yrkja þegar er hann var ungr, ok var maðr námgjarn, Eg. 685; yrkja kann ek vánu verr, Mkv.; hann er svá orðhagr at hann mun yrkja saman rár-endana, Fbr. 82 new Ed.; and so in countless instances old and mod.2. generally, to make, compose; þessi rit era ort af afli ástar. Hom. 1; Guðs Sonr í þeirri bæn er hann sjálfr orti (the Lord’s Prayer), 655 i. 2.III. spec. usages; hvárki eldr né járn orti á þá neither fire nor iron worked on them, wrought their hurt, Hkr. i. 11; en er þeir fundusk, ortu bændr þegar á til bardaga, the ‘bonders’ (peasants) at once set upon them, Ó. H. 110; Eríkr jarl orti því ekki á at berjask við Erling, at hann var frændstórr ok frændmargr, vinsæll ok ríkr, earl E. made no attempt to fight Erling because …, 27; yrki (imperat.) á at Kyndilmessu, ok hafi öll átt at Miðfóstu, begin at Candlemass and have all done at Mid-Lent, Gþl. 106: en ef þá skill á, hverr þeir sem fyrr orti á, began, caused to dispute, 455; hann svaraði stirt ok strítt, þá er menn ortu orða á hann, when people spoke to him, Ó. H. 69; en ræðu konungs svöruðu menn er hann orti orða á whom he addressed, 178; hann var hljljóðr ok fáskiptinn en þó kátr við menn þá er orða ortu á hann, Fms. vi. 109; hann svaraði fám orðum þótt orða værri yrt á hann (þó at orða yrti á hann, v. l.), vii. 227; yrkti (sic) þá ok únáðaði kynsmenn Sem, harangued and vexed them, Stj. 65.IV. reflex. to take effect; þá tók at falla lið Erlings, ok þegar er á ortisk ok uppganga var greidd, viz. when the day was about decided, Ó. H. 183; hversu sem at [á?] ortisk, however it so went, Fas. ii. 482; þar er svá, er at ort, when that reserve is made, Grág. i. 494.2. recipr., síðan fylktu þeir liði sínn, ok ortusk á þegar, ok börðusk, attacked one another and came to blows, Hom. 112: þeir ortusk á vísur, exchanged, capped verses, Lv. 24; sættusk þeir at kalla ok var þó at engu haldit, ok ortusk þeir um siðan, they capped verses (satirical) about it, Sturl. i. 150.
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